NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO₂)

01

NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO₂) AND OUR HEALTH

The high concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) in the ambient air is a direct threat to human health and human life. Nitrogen dioxide is a toxic, reddish-brown gas with a heavy acrid odor at higher concentrations and at lower concentrations it is colorless and odorless. Nitrogen dioxide poisoning depends on the duration, frequency and intensity of exposure.

Nitrogen dioxide is a mucosal irritant that, when associated with another air pollutant, causes lung disease such as OPD (obstructive pulmonary disease), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, exacerbation of COPD, and in the worst case, death.

Its moderate solubility in water makes it easy to pass through the mucous membranes and enter the airways. Like most toxic gases, the inhalation dose determines the degree of respiratory toxicity. Prolonged exposure to low gas concentrations can have a deadly effect, as well as short exposure to high concentrations, such as chlorine poisoning. It is one of the biggest air pollutants that can cause various health problems, such as coronary heart disease or stroke.

02

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

The heated air in the engine produces nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), which include toxic nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). In a gasoline car, they can be cleaned with a three-way catalytic converter, and so the gasoline car emits an average of about 30% less NOₓ than a diesel car.

Diesel vehicle filters can reduce PM emissions by more than 90%, but they require good working conditions and regular maintenance. However, they can also produce more nitrogen dioxide, making diesel one of the main sources of this toxic gas.

Diesel engines run at higher temperatures and pressures than gasoline engines. These conditions enhance the production of nitrogen oxides. The amount depends on the volume and duration of the hottest part of the flame in the engine.

02

A LITTLE HISTORY.

In order to drink water directly from the spring, we contacted Deutsche Umwelthilfe, the leading organization for the protection of citizens and the environment in Germany. The organization is a member of the European Environment Agency in Brussels and has the legal right to bring collective actions in German courts against projects it considers to be a threat to citizens and the environment.

Two years ago, Deutsche Umwelthilfe filed a lawsuit against the Federal Road Transport Agency in Germany (KBA), accusing her of not acting decisively enough in the wake of the Volkswagen diesel scandal.

Deutsche Umwelthilfe knows best about the nitrogen oxides we’ve all had the option to partner with. That’s why we chose them as our partner.

Since the beginning of June, AirBG.Info volunteers have been installing and assembling these small diffusion tubes to understand the complete picture of NO₂ contamination in more than 30 locations in Sofia.

The diffusion tubes contain a chemical substance (triethanolamine), which is absorbing the measuring component (in our case nitrogen dioxide – NO2)

We place them where people live and work. The procedure is described in these pictures – affixing a road sign or tree, measuring 28-30 days, collecting and sending it to the Passam AG Laboratory in Switzerland. We make the results legal.

03

HOW DID WE DO IT?

The four hours of each month since June, spent in a tight ride over 120 kilometers each time on the streets of the city, dismantling and assembling the pipes were a wonderful experience. We enjoyed beautiful Sofia and that we were doing something right for people we didn’t know. I present to you the team behind this project:

• Petar Kirov, the man who watches over every detail of the performance
• Peter Andreev, our youngest apostle, has been with us since the beginning of the project
• Jasen Jabirov, whom you know from his photos of his drone over Sofia in the most polluted days
• Grigor Grigorov, Republican Rally Champion, who represented Bulgaria at the European Rally Championship this year.

And because we liked everything so much, we decided to film it.